Political institutions are structured systems and organizations within a government that are responsible for creating, implementing, and enforcing laws and policies. They play a crucial role in the governance process and can include various entities such as: Legislatures: Bodies responsible for making laws, such as parliaments or congresses. Executives: Individuals or offices responsible for implementing laws and managing the government, including presidents, prime ministers, and their cabinets. Judiciaries: Courts and judges responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring justice. Bureaucracies: Administrative agencies and departments that execute government policies and manage public services. Political Parties: Organizations that represent different political ideologies and compete in elections to influence government policy. These institutions function together to ensure the effective operation of a government, maintain order, and address the needs and interests of the public.

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